| ANCIENT NATIONS | MODERN NATIONS |
| Magog, Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal | Russia and the former Soviet republics |
| Persia | Iran |
| Cush | Sudan, Ethiopia, and possibly Eritrea |
| Put | Libya, Algeria, and Tunisia |
| Gomer | Turkey and possibly Germany and Austria |
| Beth-togarmah | Turkey, Armenia, and the Turkic-speaking peoples of Asia Minor and central Asia |
| Countries with mountainous borders with Israel | Syria, Lebanon, and northern Jordan |
| Many peoples with you | Possible additional Islamic allies |
| [Sheba and Dedan] | [Saudia Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the Gulf states] |